Hyperkalemia Treatment

Normal range of potassium 3.5-5.0 mEq/L. If it is more than > 5.0 mEq/L, we called it hyperkalemia and < 3.5 mEq/L  is called Hypokalemia. 

Most common Cause of Hyperkalemia include:

- Artifacts
- Hemolysis
- Leukocytosis
- Thrombocytosis
mnemonics "AIDS"
- A - Acidosis
- I - Insulin deficiency
- D- Drugs eg. Digitalis, beta-blocker, NSAIDS, ACE-I
- S - 

Hyperkalemia ecg findings:

1.) Absent "p" wave
2.) Prolonged "PR" Intervel 
3.) Wide "QRS" complex
4.) Tall  peaked "T" Wave
5.) sine wave

Management of Hyperkalemia mnemonics

"C BIG K DROP"
 1) Calcium Stabilize the cell: Calcium Gluconate or Calcium Chloride. Emergency - Calcium Chloride, it has 3X the calcium 
Non Emergency - Calcium Gluconate 

Calcium makes wide QRS 

2.) Shift the potassium into the cell By Insulin and Glucose 

3.) Sodium Bicarbonate: only if patient is in Acidosis, 1 ampule over 5 minuate 
4.) Kayexalate 
5.) Diuretics and Dialysis : - 
              - Normal saline > increase urine output and promote diuresis 
              - Laxis 20-80 mg depend on hydration state